Reading Comprehension Question for CAT (Basic - 7)

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:Language, the cornerstone of human communication, has undergone a fascinating evolution over thousands of years. From primitive sounds and gestures to the complex linguistic systems we use today, this transformation has been driven by both biological and cultural factors.

Early humans likely relied on gestures and vocalizations to convey meaning, similar to how animals communicate. However, as their cognitive abilities developed, so did their need for a more structured form of communication. The emergence of spoken language enabled humans to share knowledge, strengthen social bonds, and cooperate more effectively.

One theory suggests that language evolved as a survival tool. In prehistoric times, the ability to warn others about dangers, plan hunting strategies, and teach survival skills provided a significant advantage. Over time, words and grammar structures became more sophisticated, leading to the diverse languages we have today.

Cultural evolution has also played a key role in shaping language. Writing systems, first developed around 3000 BCE, allowed information to be recorded and transmitted across generations. The invention of the printing press in the 15th century further accelerated linguistic changes by standardizing grammar and vocabulary. In modern times, globalization and technology continue to influence language, with the internet giving rise to new words, abbreviations, and even entirely new ways of communicating.

Despite its evolution, language remains a dynamic system, constantly adapting to the needs of society. As artificial intelligence and digital communication expand, the way we use and understand language will continue to evolve. This ongoing transformation reflects not just how we communicate, but how we think and interact as a species.

Q.1 Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from the passage?

a.Language evolved as a means of survival, helping early humans communicate threats and coordinate actions.

b.The emergence of writing systems allowed humans to store and pass down knowledge across generations.

c.The internet has played a role in modifying language, leading to new forms of communication.

d.Artificial intelligence has completely transformed human language, making traditional communication obsolete.

Q.2 Which of the following statements does NOT strengthen the argument that language evolves over time due to various factors?

a.Studies show that different languages borrow words from one another, demonstrating constant linguistic change.

b.Historical records indicate that many ancient languages have either disappeared or evolved into new languages.

c.Research on primates suggests that human ancestors lacked the cognitive ability for complex communication.

d.The rise of internet slang and abbreviations illustrates how digital communication is shaping modern language.

Q.3 Which of the following statements DOES NOT weaken the passage’s argument about language evolution?

a.Some linguists argue that language has remained largely unchanged for thousands of years, except for vocabulary shifts.

b.Studies indicate that some ancient languages have remained intact without significant changes over centuries.

c.Despite globalization, linguistic diversity persists, with many indigenous languages continuing to thrive.

d.The core structures of grammar across different languages have remained largely stable over time.e has remained stable, which could weaken the passage’s claim.

Q.4 What is the primary purpose of the passage?

a.To argue that modern technology is the sole driver of language evolution.

b.To explain how and why language has evolved over time.

c.To prove that language will eventually become obsolete due to AI.

d.To criticize the impact of digital communication on language.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 

Inflation, the rise in the general price level of goods and services over time, is an economic phenomenon that affects every individual and business. While often viewed negatively due to its impact on purchasing power, inflation is not inherently bad. In fact, moderate inflation is essential for economic growth, while extreme inflation or deflation can be harmful.

One of the primary causes of inflation is demand-pull inflation, where increased consumer demand surpasses supply, driving prices up. Another key factor is cost-push inflation, where rising production costs—such as wages or raw materials—force businesses to increase prices. Additionally, excessive money supply, often resulting from expansionary monetary policies, can fuel inflation if not matched by economic growth.

A moderate level of inflation, typically around 2-3%, is considered beneficial as it encourages spending and investment. When prices are expected to rise gradually, consumers and businesses are motivated to spend rather than hoard cash, stimulating economic activity. However, hyperinflation, where prices rise uncontrollably, can destabilize economies, eroding savings, disrupting wages, and reducing confidence in a country’s currency. Conversely, deflation, a prolonged decline in prices, can lead to economic stagnation as consumers delay spending in anticipation of further price drops.

To manage inflation, central banks use monetary tools such as adjusting interest rates or controlling money supply. Raising interest rates makes borrowing expensive, reducing spending and slowing inflation, while lowering rates stimulates economic activity. However, striking the right balance is crucial—excessive tightening can lead to a slowdown, while too much easing can drive prices up uncontrollably.

Thus, inflation is a double-edged sword—neither too much nor too little is desirable. Effective policy measures must ensure that inflation remains within a stable range, fostering sustainable economic growth without eroding financial stability.

Q.5 What is the primary intent of the passage?

a.To argue that inflation is always harmful to economic stability.

b.To highlight the necessity of striking a balance in inflation levels for sustainable growth.

c.To suggest that deflation is a greater threat than inflation.

d.To criticize central banks for their failure to control inflation effectively.

Q.6 Which of the following does not weaken the argument that inflation should be kept within a controlled range?

a.Some economists argue that inflation is unpredictable and cannot be managed effectively.

b.Historical evidence suggests that even high inflation rates have not always led to economic instability.

c.In some cases, low inflation has coexisted with economic growth, challenging the idea that moderate inflation is necessary.

d.Central banks worldwide have adopted policies to regulate inflation and maintain financial stability.

Q.7 Which of the following does not support the argument that inflation needs to be maintained within a stable range?

a.Historical data shows that controlled inflation helps maintain economic momentum.

b.Countries experiencing prolonged deflation often struggle with economic stagnation.

c.Businesses tend to delay investments when inflation is moderate and stable.

d.Hyperinflation has caused economic collapses in multiple countries throughout history.

Q.8 Which of the following statements cannot be logically concluded from the information provided in the passage?

a.A moderate level of inflation is beneficial as it promotes spending and investment.

b.Hyperinflation can weaken public trust in a nation’s currency and financial system.

c.Deflation can be as harmful as inflation since it discourages spending and economic growth.

d.Central banks always successfully control inflation by adjusting interest rates.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 

Sports, once seen as a pure test of skill, endurance, and passion, have undergone a significant transformation due to commercialization. From sponsorships and broadcasting rights to billion-dollar endorsements and franchise leagues, the business of sports has grown immensely. While some argue that commercialization has enriched sports by providing better infrastructure, financial security for athletes, and global exposure, others believe it has prioritized profit over the true spirit of competition.

One of the most significant benefits of commercialization is the financial investment it brings into the sports industry. Increased funding has led to better facilities, advanced training programs, and higher wages for athletes, allowing them to focus entirely on their game. Additionally, commercialization has helped sports reach a wider audience through television and digital media, increasing global engagement and making even lesser-known sports popular.

However, critics argue that the growing influence of money has compromised the integrity of sports. The excessive focus on sponsorships and advertisements has led to longer match schedules, overworked athletes, and an emphasis on entertainment rather than pure competition. Furthermore, the commercialization of sports has contributed to rising ticket prices and pay-per-view models, making access to live games more expensive for common fans.

Despite these concerns, it is evident that commercialization is now an inseparable part of modern sports. While financial investments and global reach have undeniably benefited the industry, it is crucial to strike a balance between economic interests and preserving the essence of sportsmanship. Governing bodies must ensure that commercialization enhances the game rather than overshadowing its core values. The challenge lies in leveraging the benefits of commercialization while protecting the authenticity of sports.

Q.9 Which of the following statements cannot be inferred from the passage?

a.Commercialization has expanded the reach of sports, making even lesser-known sports popular.

b.The financial security provided by commercialization allows athletes to focus entirely on their performance.

c.The commercialization of sports has eliminated all financial struggles faced by athletes.

d.Governing bodies need to ensure that commercialization does not compromise the core values of sports.

Q.10 Which of the following does not support the passage’s discussion on commercialization in sports?

a.Increased corporate sponsorships have helped develop better training facilities for athletes.

b.Global broadcasting deals have made sports more accessible to audiences worldwide.

c.Athletes now have to engage in numerous commercial commitments, affecting their performance.

d.Enhanced media coverage has encouraged more people to take an interest in sports.

Q.11 Which of the following does not challenge the passage’s claim about commercialization in sports?

a.The growing influence of sponsorships has led to excessive branding, overshadowing the game itself.

b.Ticket prices for major sporting events have increased, making them less accessible to the average fan.

c.Technological advancements, not commercialization, have played a bigger role in making sports more popular.

d.Revenue from sponsorships and broadcasting deals has allowed sports organizations to develop grassroots programs.A

Q.12 What is the primary objective of the passage?

a.To argue that commercialization has completely ruined the purity of sports.

b.To highlight both the advantages and challenges of commercialization in sports.

c.To prove that commercialization is the only factor driving the growth of sports.

d.To suggest that sports should return to their non-commercial roots.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 

Human cognition, the process by which we perceive, think, and make decisions, is one of the most complex and fascinating abilities of the human brain. It allows us to learn from experiences, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. While our cognitive abilities have enabled remarkable achievements, they are not without limitations. Cognitive biases, memory distortions, and decision-making errors often affect how we interpret and respond to the world around us.

One of the greatest strengths of human cognition is pattern recognition, which helps us make sense of vast amounts of information quickly. However, this same ability can lead to cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias—where people tend to seek out information that supports their existing beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence. Similarly, memory is not always reliable, as studies have shown that people can misremember events or even create entirely false memories based on suggestion or external influence.

Another challenge in human cognition is decision-making under uncertainty. While the brain is highly capable of assessing risks and making choices, emotions, biases, and limited information often lead to irrational decisions. For example, the availability heuristic causes people to overestimate the likelihood of events based on how easily they remember similar instances—leading to fear of rare but dramatic occurrences, such as plane crashes.

Despite these limitations, human cognition remains a powerful tool for problem-solving, creativity, and innovation. By understanding its strengths and weaknesses, individuals can improve their thinking processes, make better decisions, and minimize errors. Advances in psychology and neuroscience continue to shed light on ways to enhance cognitive performance, making human intelligence a field of endless discovery and improvement.

Q.13 Which of the following does not support the passage’s claim about the strengths and weaknesses of human cognition?

a.Studies show that memory can be influenced by external factors, leading to distortions.

b.Cognitive biases can sometimes result in flawed decision-making.

c.Technological advancements, such as artificial intelligence, have surpassed human cognition in all aspects.

d.Awareness of cognitive limitations can help people improve their decision-making skills.

Q.14 What is the main purpose of the passage?

a.To argue that human cognition is fundamentally flawed and unreliable.

b.To explore both the strengths and weaknesses of human cognition.

c.To suggest that cognitive biases have no impact on real-world decision-making.

d.To criticize human memory and decision-making processes. 

Q.15 Which of the following statements cannot be inferred from the passage?

a.Human cognition enables individuals to adapt to new environments and solve problems.

b.Cognitive biases can lead people to ignore information that contradicts their beliefs.

c.The availability heuristic helps people accurately assess the likelihood of rare events.

d.Advances in neuroscience can help improve cognitive performance.

Q.16 Which of the following does not challenge the passage’s argument about human cognition?

a.Some researchers believe that human memory is perfectly reliable and does not suffer from distortions.

b.Studies suggest that cognitive biases are rare and have minimal impact on decision-making.

c.Many individuals have been able to enhance their thinking skills by recognizing their cognitive biases.

d.There is no proven link between neuroscience research and improvements in human cognition.

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